| Title | एन्डेसाइट शिला (Andesite)Rare Eṇḍesāiṭ śilā Andesite |
|---|---|
| Description | एन्डेसाइट (मध्यवर्ती आग्नेय शिला), an extrusive igneous rock [1], served extensively in Indic heritage architecture, particularly during the Early Medieval Period. Its composition primarily includes plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene. Density ranges from 2.4-2.8 g/cm³, compressive strength from 100-200 MPa, and porosity from 1-3% [2]. Traditional quarrying (शिला खदान) methods sourced एन्डेसाइट from volcanic regions across the Indian subcontinent, notably utilized by the Sailendra Dynasty and Mataram Kingdom. It was employed for load-bearing masonry, foundation construction (आधारशिला निर्माण), paving, and sculptural elements. Thermal expansion coefficient is 5-7 x 10⁻⁶/°C. Durability is affected by weathering; conservation (संरक्षण) involves consolidation and surface treatments. Heritage sites like Borobudur showcase its extensive use. Restoration (पुनर्स्थापन) requires careful matching of original material and techniques to maintain authenticity. Traditional construction (पारंपरिक निर्माण) involved skilled artisans (शिल्पी) using hand tools. |
| Also Known As | Andesite Eṇḍesāiṭ śilā Andesite Intermediate volcanic rock Extrusive igneous rock मध्यवर्ती आग्नेय शिला एन्डेसाइट एन्डेसाइट पत्थर |
| Tags | Andesite Volcanic Rock Extrusive Igneous Rock Java Indonesia Temple Construction Building Stone |
| Material ID | INHFMAT-148006745-20-11-25-AS |
| URI | https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/andesite |
| API Endpoint | https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/andesite |
| Total Sites | 1 |
| Primary Sites | 1 |
| Created | November 20, 2025 |
| Last Updated | November 28, 2025 |
| Types | Extrusive Igneous Rock Volcanic Rock |
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| Regions | Java, Indonesia Yogyakarta, Indonesia |
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| Time Periods | Early Medieval Period |
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| Dynasties | Sailendra Dynasty Mataram Kingdom |
| Sources | Mount Merapi quarries Local riverbeds |
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| Properties | Compressive strength: 100-200 MPa Density: 2.4-2.8 g/cm³ Porosity: 1-3% Thermal expansion coefficient: 5-7 x 10⁻⁶/°C |
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| Uses | Load-bearing masonry Foundation construction Sculptural elements Paving Stair construction |
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| Materials | Lime Mortar Volcanic Ash (Pozzolan) |
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| Styles | Javanese Temple Architecture |
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| Categories | Temple Monument |
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| Notes |
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| Site Name | Status | Usage | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Prambanan Temple Compounds Yogyakarta | Primary | 100% |