| Title | कांच आवरण भित्ति (Glass Curtainwall)Rare Kā̃ca āvaraṇ bhitti Glass Curtainwall |
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| Description | Glāsa Karṭenavŏla (कांच पर्दा दीवार, Glass Curtainwall) represents a modern adaptation of *kāca* (काच, glass) in architectural design, diverging from traditional Indic heritage architecture where stone and brick (*śilā* and *iṣṭakā*) predominated [2]. This non-load-bearing exterior cladding system, primarily utilized in 20th and 21st-century urban environments, comprises glass panels (typically 6-25 mm thick) integrated within a metal framing system, often aluminum or steel [3]. Glass, primarily silica (SiO₂), sourced from *vālukā* (वालुका, sand) deposits, exhibits a density of 2400-2800 kg/m³ and a thermal expansion coefficient of approximately 9 x 10⁻⁶ /°C [3]. The system's U-value ranges from 0.8-3.0 W/m²K, and the solar heat gain coefficient varies between 0.2 and 0.8, influencing thermal performance [3]. Durability concerns encompass weathering, potential for glass breakage, and frame corrosion. Conservation strategies involve regular cleaning and sealant maintenance. While not historically prevalent in dynasties like the Mauryas or Guptas, its contemporary usage addresses daylighting and facade aesthetics [1]. Tensile strength of glass ranges from 40-80 MPa [3]. |
| Also Known As | Glass Curtainwall Kā̃ca āvaraṇ bhitti Glass Curtain Wall Curtain Wall Glass Facade Facade System कांच की दीवार शीशे की दीवार कांच पर्दा दीवार काच भित्ति पारदर्शी भित्ति मुखौटा भित्ति कांच मुखौटा भित्ति |
| Tags | Glass Curtainwall Facade Cladding Aluminum Steel Glazing Modern |
| Material ID | INHFMAT-633046919-20-11-25-GS |
| URI | https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/glass-curtainwall |
| API Endpoint | https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/glass-curtainwall |
| Total Sites | 1 |
| Primary Sites | 0 |
| Created | November 20, 2025 |
| Last Updated | November 28, 2025 |
| Types | Glass Metal Aluminum Steel Composite Material Framing System Cladding Material |
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| Regions | India Global Urban Areas Commercial Areas |
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| Time Periods | 20th Century CE 21st Century CE |
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| Sources | Glass Manufacturers Aluminum Manufacturers Steel Suppliers Silica Sand Mines Metal Fabrication Plants Aluminum Extrusion Plants |
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| Properties | Tensile strength: 40-80 MPa (glass) Density: 2400-2800 kg/m³ (glass) Thermal expansion coefficient: ~9 x 10⁻⁶ /°C (glass) Light transmittance: 0-90% (depending on type) Thermal conductivity: 0.7-1.0 W/mK (depending on glass type) U-value: 0.8-3.0 W/m²K Solar heat gain coefficient: 0.2-0.8 Wind load resistance: Designed to withstand specific wind pressures Thickness: 6-25 mm |
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| Uses | Exterior Wall Cladding Facade Design Natural Lighting Non-Load-Bearing Walls Building Facades Daylighting Facade Glazing |
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| Materials | Aluminum Frame Steel Structure Silicone Sealant Insulation Glass |
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| Styles | Modern Architecture Contemporary Architecture Commercial Architecture |
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| Categories | Community Hall Temple Mandir Commercial Residential Temple (Modern) Commercial Buildings Temples Facade Commercial buildings Office buildings Commercial Building |
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| Notes |
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| Title | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Glass in Building | Book | Technical guide on glass properties and applications |
| Glass Structures: Design and Construction | Book | Glass properties and applications |
| National Building Code of India | Building Code | Guidelines for glass curtainwall design and installation |
| Glass Association of North America (GANA) Publications | Technical Guide | Curtain wall design and installation |
| National Building Code of India (NBC) | Building Code | Curtain wall specifications |
| Site Name | Status | Usage | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shree Swaminarayan Mandir Leicester | Secondary | Walls | 100% |