| Title | लाल मृत्तिका (Red Earth)Rare Lāl Mṛttikā Red Earth |
|---|---|
| Description | Lāl Mittī (Red Earth), or *Rakta Mrida* (रक्त मृदा) in Sanskrit, is a prevalent construction material across the Indian subcontinent, particularly in Eastern and Southern India. Its characteristic red hue arises from a high concentration of iron oxides (Fe₂O₃) resulting from the weathering of ancient crystalline igneous and metamorphic rocks [1]. Geologically, it exhibits a sandy to loamy texture with low water retention and minimal organic matter. Traditionally, Lāl Mittī has been employed in mud wall construction, earthen plaster (*Lepana*), and flooring. Historical usage is documented in numerous heritage sites, with evidence suggesting its use dating back to prehistoric periods. Dynasties across the subcontinent utilized it extensively for foundations and structural elements. Processing involves minimal refinement, often involving simple mixing with water and sometimes plant fibers for increased tensile strength. Conservation efforts require careful consideration of its inherent properties and compatibility with traditional repair techniques. Durability is affected by moisture and erosion, necessitating regular maintenance and protective measures. |
| Also Known As | Red Earth Lāl Mṛttikā Red soil Lateritic soil Ferruginous soil गेरू मिट्टी रक्त मृदा ताम्र मृत्तिका செம்மண் (Cemmaṇ) ఎర్ర మట్టి (Erra maṭṭi) ಕೆಂಪು ಮಣ್ಣು (Kempu maṇṇu) |
| Tags | Red Earth Lāl Mittī Iron Oxide Soil Erosion Earthen Construction Lateritic Soil |
| Material ID | INHFMAT-848510277-20-11-25-LL |
| URI | https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/red-earth |
| API Endpoint | https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/red-earth |
| Total Sites | 1 |
| Primary Sites | 1 |
| Created | November 20, 2025 |
| Last Updated | November 28, 2025 |
| Types | Soil Sedimentary Material Earthen Material |
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| Regions | Eastern India Southern India Goa |
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| Time Periods | Prehistoric Period Historic Period |
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| Sources | Local soil deposits Weathered rock formations |
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| Properties | High iron oxide content Low water retention Sandy to loamy texture Low organic matter content Well-drained |
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| Uses | Mud wall construction Earthen plaster Earthen flooring Foundation material Agricultural base |
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| Materials | गोबर - Gobar (Cow Dung) चूना - Chunā (Lime Mortar) भूसा - Bhūsā (Husk) Stone Timber |
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| Styles | Vernacular architecture Rural construction |
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| Categories | Residential Buildings Agricultural Structures |
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| Notes |
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| Title | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Soil Survey of India Reports | Soil Analysis | Red soil characteristics |
| Site Name | Status | Usage | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chapora Fort Goa | Primary | 100% |