| Title | छिड़काव कंक्रीट (Shotcrete)Rare Chiṛakāv Kaṅkrīṭ Shotcrete |
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| Description | Shāṭakriṭ (Shotcrete), or छिड़काव कंक्रीट, is a composite cementitious material [1] pneumatically projected onto a surface. Its modern formulation typically comprises Portland cement, aggregates sourced from regional quarries (e.g., Deccan Plateau basalt), and admixtures. While a relatively recent construction technique, its application echoes traditional *vajralepa* (diamond plaster) techniques used in reinforcing structures. Compressive strength ranges from 30-50 MPa, with a density of 2200-2400 kg/m³. High application velocity yields strong bond strength. Porosity and permeability are application-dependent. Shāṭakriṭ is used for slope stabilization, tunnel lining, and structural repair, including conservation of Indic heritage sites. Restoration projects often employ Shāṭakriṭ to reinforce weakened *ishtika* (brick) or *shila* (stone) masonry, addressing degradation from weathering and biological growth. Conservation requires careful material selection to ensure compatibility with existing *vastu* (structure) and prevent further damage. |
| Also Known As | Shotcrete Chiṛakāv Kaṅkrīṭ Shotcrete Sprayed Concrete Gunite Pneumatically Applied Concrete छिड़काव कंक्रीट स्प्रे कंक्रीट प्रक्षिप्त कंक्रीट तात्कालिक कंक्रीट சுண்ணாம்புச் சாந்து (Tamil) గులకరాతి సిమెంట్ (Telugu) ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ ಗಾರೆ (Kannada) കുമ്മായക്കൂട്ട് (Malayalam) |
| Tags | शॉटक्रिट Shāṭakriṭ Shotcrete Sprayed Concrete Gunite Concrete Repair Slope Stabilization Tunnel Lining Retaining Wall |
| Material ID | INHFMAT-465962931-20-11-25-SC |
| URI | https://www.inheritage.foundation/aat/material/shotcrete |
| API Endpoint | https://inheritage.foundation/api/v1/aat/materials/shotcrete |
| Total Sites | 1 |
| Primary Sites | 0 |
| Created | November 20, 2025 |
| Last Updated | November 28, 2025 |
| Types | Composite Material Cementitious Material Concrete |
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| Regions | South Asia India |
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| Time Periods | 20th Century 21st Century |
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| Sources | Cement manufacturing plants Aggregate quarries Admixture suppliers |
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| Properties | Compressive strength: 30-50 MPa (after 28 days) Density: 2200-2400 kg/m³ High bond strength due to application velocity Variable porosity depending on application technique Low permeability if properly applied |
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| Uses | Stabilizing slopes Reinforcing retaining walls Lining tunnels Repairing concrete structures Strengthening existing masonry |
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| Materials | सीमेंट - Seement (Cement) Aggregate (Sand, Gravel) Admixtures (Accelerators, Plasticizers, Silica Fume) |
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| Styles | Modern Construction Structural Reinforcement |
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| Categories | Retaining structure Slope stabilization |
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| Notes |
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| Title | Type | Notes |
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| American Concrete Institute (ACI) Publications | Technical Report | Shotcrete application |
| Site Name | Status | Usage | Confidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Malibu Hindu Temple Calabasas | Secondary | Walls | 100% |